Transparency is essential to the recovery and return of assets stolen through corruption. It allows for citizens to both track what is happening in specific cases and assess the efforts made broadly by the government and relevant authorities to recover stolen assets.
The survey focused on:
To do so, governments need to proactively disclose a range of information. This includes aggregate data on the actions they are taking around stolen asset recovery, such as amounts frozen, confiscated, returned and received, the number of cases begun and the results of those cases. It also includes information on how that data was generated and from which sources. Further, it is important for governments to also publish legislation, general policy and specific return agreements and memorandums of understanding, so that the public can also understand and engage with how their government carries out asset recovery.
An important development in 2023 was the re-launch of the Asset Recovery Watch Database of the World Bank/UNODC Stolen Asset Recovery Initiative. This public database collects and systematizes global information on completed and ongoing recovery cases related to the proceeds of corruption that have an international dimension. To date, it includes information on 567 cases and USD 17 billion in frozen, confiscated and returned assets.
However, the transmission of data around cases to the StAR database does not obviate the responsibility to publish data and information nationally. The UNCAC and international human rights law, as well as international standards, require and encourage data and information transparency. This is important due to the focus of the StAR database, which does not include statistics, and especially for domestic audiences, who need to understand how their government is addressing cross-border corruption in formats and languages they can access.
To respond to this, members of the UNCAC Coalition Asset Recovery Working Group decided to undertake a study to ascertain the extent to which a range of governments are publishing data and information around asset recovery at the national level. A survey was prepared by CiFAR and circulated to members of the Working Group in May 2025. The survey asked questions on availability of data relating to corruption-related asset recovery.
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- the regularity and accessibility of data on frozen and recovered assets and methodologies for calculating that data,
- the publication of cases and case details,
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- and the availability of legislation, agreements, plans and strategies.
Questions for the survey covered:
Survey responses covered 15 jurisdictions from 12 CSOs and individuals in their personal capacity. This includes major asset returning jurisdictions and other jurisdictions often considered for the receipt of stolen funds. Contributors included:
- Availability and regularity of data published on the volume of frozen / confiscated, returned or received funds
- Existence of methodologies for calculating that data
- Availability of data on ongoing and concluded asset recovery cases
- Availability of asset recovery legislation, strategies and cost apportionment
- Publication of return agreements
- Ease of accessing the above data
Civil society organizations
- Amalna
- CiFAR
- Comision Ecuatoguineana de Juristas
- Dialogue and Research Institute
- Ethos Governance Partners
- INRAV
- Spotlight on Corruption
- Transparency International U.S
Individual contributors
- Jeffrey Simser
- Maria De Los Angeles De Seta Acosta
- Mathias Huter
- Sara Brimbeuf
Jurisdictions
- Argentina
- Austria
- Canada
- Equatorial Guinea
- France
- Germany
- Italy
- Kenya
- Portugal
- South Sudan
- Spain
- Switzerland
- United Kingdom
- United States of America
- Venezuela



